Description
Water treatment utilities are finding it increasingly challenging to produce safe drinking water at a reasonable cost. Over the next 20 years, utilities are expected to spend at least twice as much money on infrastructure as on water treatment. Occasionally, new US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regulations require changes to water treatment that can actually accelerate infrastructure degradation. For example, there is growing concern that the lowered coagulation pHs and higher coagulant doses required by the new Enhanced Coagulation Rule may lead to significant degradation of drinking water treatment plant infrastructure. This paper details some of the results from an American Waters Works Association Research Foundation (AWWARF) funded project designed to examine these issues. Since very little research has been conducted into infrastructure degradation from coagulation, the first step was to compile insights from other industries in a comprehensive literature review. Second, a survey of coagulation utilities in the United States was conducted to assess utility experiences with enhanced coagulation. Finally, a case study is presented from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California. Includes 150 references, tables, figures.
Product Details
- Edition:
- Vol. – No.
- Published:
- 11/01/2002
- Number of Pages:
- 20
- File Size:
- 1 file , 370 KB
- Note:
- This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus
