Description
Compliance with the disinfection byproducts requirements has plagued many watersystems since implementation of the Stage 1 Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts Rule(D/DBPR) in 2002 (and 2004 for small systems). Many systems struggled to achieve thetrihalomethanes (THM’s) limit previously set at 100 µg/L, and some found a means tomeet the compliance requirements slightly below the maximum contaminant level (MCL)concentration. Extreme challenges are presented to water system operators whileattempting to meet more stringent THM requirements. With Stage 2 D/DBPRimplementation nearing its deadline, water systems are again being challenged to findextraordinary means to achieve compliance. Imaginative methods of coping with organicprecursors and simultaneously achieving compliance with regulatory standards are thefocus of this presentation.This paper discusses ongoing research efforts and development of specialized treatmenttechniques proven to increase organics removal from water in order to reduce disinfectionbyproducts, especially THM’s. Specialized treatment techniques include: fractioning of organics; oxidative conditioning technology; two-stage coagulation; and, enhanced softening. Case studies showing results from optimization ofestablished treatment strategies for THM control also are discussed owing credence to theuseful and timely techniques developed by the author. Includes 9 references, table, figures.
Product Details
- Edition:
- Vol. – No.
- Published:
- 11/01/2006
- Number of Pages:
- 12
- File Size:
- 1 file , 800 KB
- Note:
- This product is unavailable in Ukraine, Russia, Belarus
